Protesters at Dow Chemicals New York office carried signs that said, Napalm Burns Babies, Dow Makes Money.. These actions did destroy the countryside, but they also destroyed humans. After they did so, US ground troops shot them and left a pile of dead bodies that included twenty-one children. Obamas damaging blow to our military. (2012, February 18). As a historian summarized this connection, By the end of the war, labors wartime mobilization and participation had increased its relative power within European societies. New York Times, p. A1. For every 100,000 Iraq and Afghanistan veterans who receive health care from the Veterans Administration, 38 have killed themselves. They are also more likely to engage in drug use and binge drinking. The psychological effect of war on veterans and their families We have textbook solutions for you! The 1964 Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, in which Congress authorized President Lyndon Johnson to wage an undeclared war in Vietnam, was passed after North Vietnamese torpedo boats allegedly attacked US ships. War and social change in modern Europe: The great transformation revisited. Washington, DC: Center for American Progress. Evidence from a national survey of Iraq and Afghanistan veterans underscores the problems they face (Pew Research Center, 2011). Tirman describes one Korean incident in which machine gun fire from US warplanes killed about one hundred civilian refugees who were resting on a road. policy analysis role of social science was given impetus by the Progressive movement (which had roots in Wisconsin) at the turn of the century, which held that application of the scientific method to political problems could lead to more effective governmental performance. US veterans: By the numbers. Second, the world today is a much more dangerous place than in the past because of the existence of nuclear weapons. The hope arises from historical evidence that the number of international wars, civil wars, and other types of armed conflict has in fact declined over the centuries, with the number in the past half-century much smaller than in centuries past (Pinker, 2012). Although the causes of World War II are complex, Hitlers effort to conquer much of Europe stemmed at least partly from his belief that Aryans (Germans and other Europeans with blond hair and blue eyes) were a superior species and non-Aryans were an inferior species (Bess, 2008). Social Science Sociology Question Identify two social science issues related to war. Schools and Inequality Halperin, S. (2004). She also refused to display the American flag, saying, When I looked at the American flag, I used to see red, white, and blue. New York, NY: Penguin. Identify two social science issues related to education. Tirman (2012, p. 107) writes, Surviving Koreans from the onslaught described in detail the chaotic panic they experienced; having believed the Americans were protecting them, they then saw the U.S. troops fire indiscriminately at men, women, and children at the scene. At the end of the three days, about four hundred civilians lay dead. The thirteenth-century Mongolians killed their 40 million with battleaxes and other crude weapons; the World War II deaths resulted from gunfire and conventional bombs. Traditional explorations of war look through the lens of history and military science, focusing on big events, big battles, and big generals. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. (1999). Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. A recent study found that adolescents with a deployed parent are more likely than those with civilian parents to feel depressed and suicidal. 1.2 Sociological Perspectives on Social Problems, 1.3 Continuity and Change in Social Problems, 2.1 The Measurement and Extent of Poverty, 2.2 Who the Poor Are: Social Patterns of Poverty, 3.1 Racial and Ethnic Inequality: A Historical Prelude, 3.5 Dimensions of Racial and Ethnic Inequality, 3.6 Explaining Racial and Ethnic Inequality, 3.7 Reducing Racial and Ethnic Inequality, 4.4 Violence against Women: Rape and Sexual Assault, 5.2 Public Attitudes about Sexual Orientation, 5.3 Inequality Based on Sexual Orientation, 5.4 Improving the Lives of the LGBT Community, 6.3 Life Expectancy and the Graying of Society, 6.4 Biological and Psychological Aspects of Aging, 6.6 Reducing Ageism and Helping Older Americans, 7.5 Drug Policy and the War on Illegal Drugs, 7.6 Addressing the Drug Problem and Reducing Drug Use, 10.2 Sociological Perspectives on the Family, 10.3 Changes and Problems in American Families, 11.1 An Overview of Education in the United States, 11.2 Sociological Perspectives on Education, 11.3 Issues and Problems in Elementary and Secondary Education, 11.4 Issues and Problems in Higher Education, 12.2 Sociological Perspectives on Work and the Economy, 13.1 Sociological Perspectives on Health and Health Care, 13.2 Global Aspects of Health and Health Care, 13.3 Problems of Health in the United States, 13.4 Problems of Health Care in the United States, 14.2 Sociological Perspectives on Urbanization, 15.1 Sociological Perspectives on Population and the Environment, 15.4 Addressing Population Problems and Improving the Environment, 16.1 Sociological Perspectives on War and Terrorism, 16.4 Preventing War and Stopping Terrorism. We need to confront them to ensure equal treatment for everyone. It examines issues such as military recruiting, race and gender representation in the military, combat, military families, military social organization, war and peace, and the military as welfare. War can also change a nations political structure in obvious ways, as when the winning nation forces a new political system and leadership on the losing nation. ABC News. (2012, February 8). New York, NY: Penguin. . 9.5 million children receiving low-income health care (Medicaid), 1.7 million students receiving full-tuition scholarships at state universities, 1.6 million Head Start slots for children. Regardless of these problems, this growing body of research documents how often rape and sexual assault in the military occur. The United States has been at war in one-fifth of the years it has existed (Bumiller, 2010). Hartung, W. D. (2012). America.gov. Four decades later, questions of deceit were again raised after the United States began the war against Iraq because of its alleged possession of weapons of mass destruction. Those two weapons were tiny in both number and size compared to nuclear weapons today. Describe some of the factors that have influenced this social institution in India. Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), Operation New Dawn (OND), and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) U.S. Casualty Status. Each F-35 costs about $300 million. APA 950 words Get instant access to the full solution from by clicking the purchase button below $12.00 Added to cart Related Questions: Watch this clip from the popular TV show Adam Ruins Everything titled The Secret Reason Weed is Illegal . This collection was written over a span of forty-four years and is presented in the belief that sociology is a science. Do you think the US military budget should be increased, be reduced, or stay about the same? McKeon, H. P. B. When the war began, a sort of truce developed between management and labor, as workers wanted to appear patriotic by supporting the war effort and hoped that they would win important labor rights for doing so. If we say the history of the United States has been written in war, that is not too much of an exaggeration. Answer preview to identify two social science issues related to war. Families go through savings and older parents dip into retirement funds (Einhorn, 2011, p. A12). Retrieved from http://fcnl.org/assets/flyer/taxchart11.pdf. In Vietnam, Tirman writes, American troops and planes routinely razed villages to the ground, killing villagers indiscriminately, and then evacuated any survivors. A kid walked up to me and said, Your dads a baby killer. I didnt handle that well. Vietnam Veterans Against the War. Chapter 5: Sexual Orientation and Inequality, Chapter 15: Population and the Environment, Table 16.2 US Participation in Major Wars, http://www.history.navy.mil/library/online/american%20war%20casualty.htm, http://web.archive.org/web/20070711050249/http://www.cwc.lsu.edu/other/stats/warcost.htm, http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/20/recounting-the-dead, http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/us-veterans-numbers/story?id=14928136#1, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US_Army_51817_ BAGHDAD_-_Iraqi_Soldiers,_with_the_6th_IA_Division,_ familiarize_themselves_with_their_targets_and_prepare_ for_a_PKC_machine_gun_range_at_Combat _Outpost_402,_here,_Sept._28._In_addition_to_ marksmanship.jpg, Chapter 15 Population and the Environment, Figure 16.3 International Military Spending, 2010, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:First_F-35C_Flight.ogv, http://bangordailynews.com/2011/07/22/health/children-of-deployed-troops-struggle-researchers-find, http://www.timesleader.com/stories/A-concerted-effort-needed-to-help-homeless-veterans-COMMENTARY-STATE-SEN- LISA-BAKER,89325?search_filter=A+concerted+effort+needed+to+help+homeless +veterans &town_id=1&sub_type=stories, http://www.cfr.org/defense-policy-and-budget/slashing-americas-defense-suicidal-trajectory/p26989, http://defensenewsstand.com/NewsStand-General/The-INSIDER-Free-Article/dod-new-nuclear-subs-will-cost-347-billion-to-acquire-operate/menu-id-720.html, http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm, http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/military-preparedness-does-not-come-cheap/2012/02/05/gIQA5PLfsQ_story.html, http://www.fas.org/programs/ssp/nukes/nuclearweapons/nukestatus.html, http://fcnl.org/assets/flyer/taxchart11.pdf, http://business.time.com/2012/02/07/why-we-should-help-veterans-start-their-own-businesses/, http://www.denverpost.com/Stories/0,0,36%257E30137%257E,00.html, http://www.alternet.org/world/151337/are_we_giant_suckers_while_the_us_blows_money_on_the_military,_europe _spends_dough_on_social_programs, http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/war_stories/2012/02/_2013_pentagon_budget_why_so_much_spending_on_big_war_weapons_.html, http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/us-veterans-numbers/story?id=14928136#14928131, http://www.america.gov/st/diversity-english/2008/February/20080225120859liameruoy0.9820215.html, http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/obamas-damaging-blow-to-our-military/2012/01/12/gIQA3eMhuP_story.html, http://costofwar.com/en/tradeoffs/state/CA/program/11/tradeoff/0, http://www.globalissues.org/issue/73/arms-trade-a-major-cause-of-suffering, http://www.voanews.com/english/news/usa/Public-Private-Organizations-Work-to-Help-Thousands-of-Homeless-Veterans-in-NY- 139520143.html, http://servicewomen.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Rape-Sexual-Assault-and-Sexual-Harassment-in-the-Military.pdf, http://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear_weapons_and_global_security/nuclear_weapons/technical_issues/nuclear-weapons-overview.html, http://www.thenation.com/blog/161378/around-globe-us-military-bases-generate-resentment-not-security, http://www.vvaw.org/veteran/article/?id=823, https://www.warresisters.org/sites/default/files/FY2012piechart-color.pdf, http://www.thenation.com/blog/165487/job-numbers-are-veterans-are-left-behind, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Retrieved from http://business.time.com/2012/02/07/why-we-should-help-veterans-start-their-own-businesses/. Critics also argue that military spending actually produces fewer jobs than spending in other sectors (Ledbetter, 2011). Edward B. Tylor concluded his survey of human culture with the remark that "the science of culture is essentially a reformer's science" (1958[1871]:539).A. Daedalus, 133(4), 2535. Jobs, hobbies, friends, even parental obligations to young children fall by the wayside. Martinez, L., & Bingham, A. Natural Science and Social Problems 117 government does not want it. Among those severely. New research looked at 133 countries. The following are illustrative examples of contemporary issues. Retrieved from https://www.warresisters.org/sites/default/files/FY2012piechart-color.pdf. Drugs and alcohol abuse. By any measure, then, the US military has played a fundamental role, for better or worse, in the nations foreign affairs historically and also today. In these surveys, between 10 percent and 33 percent of women report being raped (including attempts) while they were serving in the military. Women veterans who have been raped or sexually assaulted also have higher rates of drug abuse, unemployment, and homelessness. Since 1993, US armed forces have waged war in Iraq and in Afghanistan and also joined international military operations in such countries as Bosnia, Herzegovina, and Libya. Women veterans who are raped or sexually assaulted often suffer PTSD. Bess, M. (2008). Helicopter parenting: How it affects the development of children. Tirman notes that approximately 6 million civilians and soldiers died in the Korean, Vietnam/Indochina, Iraq, and Afghanistan wars. Each submarine is projected to cost more than $8 billion to build and another $21 billion in constant dollars in operation and maintenance costs over its lifetime (Castelli, 2012). This figure ranked the highest in the world and constituted almost 35 percent of all world arms exports. Levy, J. S., & Thompson, W. R. (2010). According to a recent estimate, $1 billion spent by the Pentagon creates 11,200 jobs, but the same $1 billion spent in other sectors would create 16,800 clean energy jobs, 17,200 health-care jobs, and 26,700 education jobs (Pollin & Garrett-Peltier, 2011). The Washington Post, p. B01. Describe some of the factors that have influenced this social institution in India. Certainly neither the people nor the gov ernment of the United States desire World War III. The term society refers to the system of interdependent relationships among human beings. Retrieved from http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/us-veterans-numbers/story?id=14928136#1. Compared to Europe, then, the United States has chosen guns over butter, leaving far less money for its social needs. Kaplan, F. (2012, February 13). Their unemployment rate was 13.1 percent in December 2011, compared to only 8.5 percent for the general public; the unemployment rate for veterans ages 2024 was near 30 percent (Dewan, 2011; Zornick, 2012). Table 16.2 US Participation in Major Wars. A society can be a city,. Explain why war is best understood as a social phenomenon and why nations go to war. Identify two social science issues related to education. New York Times, p. A12. Scholars have attempted to explain why human beings wage war. (2011, July 22). Around the globe, US military bases generate resentment, not security. Voice of America News. Solution Verified Answered 11 months ago Create an account to view solutions Recommended textbook solutions Sociology and You 1st Edition ISBN: 9780076631933 Jon M. Shepard, Robert W. Greene 713 solutions Sociology and You Describe some of the factors that have influenced this social institution in India. His bodys here, but his mind is not here anymore. First, the defense industry is very effective at lobbying Congress for increased military spending, with the cozy relationship among members of the military-industrial complex helping to ensure the effectiveness of this lobbying. As a news report summarized these families experience, Ms. In terms of the risk of dying in war, then, the Mongolian wars were five times more deadly than World War II. Resources, the environment, and conflict. New York Times, p. A1. Bullying can cause suicidal thoughts and changes in a person's behavior. England, G. (2012, February 5). Feb. 24, 2023 A team of researchers has highlighted human-wildlife conflict as one of the globe's most pressing human development and conservation dilemmas. 1). Religion is a very important ideology in this regard. Amherst, MA: Political Economy Research Institutes. Many antiwar protests in the United States focused on the civilian suffering from napalm. Quality and affordable writing services. New York Times, p. WK3. In political science (as in other fields in the social sciences from economics to anthropology) there has been a kind of simmering war being waged between quantitative and qualitative researchers - and the new journal was, in part, meant to heal the rift. Korb, L. J., Rothman, A., & Hoffman, M. (2012). However, other scientists dispute the evolutionary explanation for several reasons (Begley, 2009). Third, and helping to explain the success of this lobbying, military spending provides jobs and income to the home districts of members of Congress. Military preparedness does not come cheap. Historically, this scarcity has again motivated societies to go to war. Wheeler, W. T. (2009). Sometimes, as with the US entrance into World War II after Pearl Harbor, these decisions are sincere and based on a perceived necessity to defend a nations people and resources, and sometimes these decisions are based on cynicism and deceit (Solomon, 2006). The Nation. The Korean and Vietnam veterans memorials in the nations capital and so many other memorials across the nation remind us of the hundreds of thousands of brave men and women who have died serving their country. When these costs are taken into account, the total 2011 military budget ranged between an estimated $1.2 trillion and $1.4 trillion (Friends Committee on National Legislation, 2012; War Resisters League, 2012). They add that the exports often go to nations ruled by dictators, who then use them to threaten their own people (Feinstein, 2011; Shah, 2011). When one woman who was raped by two soldiers in Iraq told her commander, he threatened her with a charge of adultery because she was married (Speier, 2012). Noting that the military budget today exceeds the average budget during the Cold War, they think military spending is far higher than it needs to be to ensure the nations defense with the Soviet Union no longer a threat. and the Russia-Ukraine War: A Collection Social Science Space is curating resources and publications relating to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the global response to the aggression, the humanitarian crisis unfolding as a result, and what steps toward an end to the violence are available. Updated on June 02, 2019 Military sociology is the sociological study of the military. An Associated Press photo of her running naked and screaming with burns after her village was napalmed was one of the most memorable photos of that war. Defense outlays rose by 85 percent beyond inflation between 2000 and 2011. Oscar Arias, a former president of Costa Rica and a winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, echoed these famous words from President Eisenhower when he wrote a decade ago that US military spending took money away from important domestic needs. This same sum could be used to pay the salaries of 10,000 new teachers earning $30,000 per year or to build twenty elementary schools at a cost of $15 million each. AlterNet. The U.S. military does not need or want all officers to become social scientist researchers, but applied social science can nevertheless help develop strategic thinking because it: (1) focuses on human behavior and influence; (2) develops comfort with competing theories; (3) requires creativity; and (4) uses evidence and iteration to better . The sociology of war is a subfield of sociology that focuses on the macro-level patterns of war making, how societies engage in warfare, the meaning that war has in society, and the relationship between state structure and war making. Advertisement capkay1505 Several years later, she was still having many health problems and could not forget what happened to her. War is not . New York, NY: Vintage Books. Other political and economic changes brought by war are less obvious. Victims of military rape deserve justice. Gender-related issues have risen over the past years as ideas like feminism and equality become mainstream topics. Social Studies College answered Identify two social issues related to war See answers Advertisement theblastmaster2000xd Answer: Class war is the most promitent in the united states right now (Coming from a communist and whos father was in the BPP) Explanation: That is a perspective I did not think about. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Peace Studies Program. Stalsburg, B. L. (2011). Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. However, later investigation revealed that the attack never occurred and that the White House lied to Congress and the American people (Wells, 1994). We cannot discuss all of these issues here, but we will highlight some of the most interesting and important. Grimmett, R. E. (2011). The war: A trillion can be cheap. (2011, November 11). Fisman, R., & Miguel, E. (2010). the families are worried about their loved ones Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions Western Governors University Grand Canyon University This same yearly amount could have paid for one years worth (California cost figures) of all of the following (National Priorities Project, 2012): All these figures demonstrate that war and preparation for war indeed have a heavy human cost, not only in the numbers of dead and wounded, but also in the diversion of funds from important social functions and needs. Experts disagree over this issue. Many examples of this impact exist, but one well-known example involves the defeat of Germany in World War I, which led to a worsening economy during the next decade that in turn helped fuel the rise of Hitler. Another dimension of militarism involves arms exports by both the US government and US military contractors. A case of social inequalities in modern societies. Reflecting this decline, a smaller percentage of the worlds population died in armed conflict during the past century than in earlier eras. Retrieved from http://bangordailynews.com/2011/07/22/health/children-of-deployed-troops-struggle-researchers-find. The cause for despair is twofold. Arias, O. Source: First F-35C Flight, Wikipedia, Last modified on November 20, 2011, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:First_F-35C_Flight.ogv. Even if they are less frequent and less deadly than in the past, that is of little comfort to the tens of millions of people around the world during the past century who died or otherwise suffered in war and other armed conflict and who live in fear today of becoming a victim of armed conflict. Castelli, C. J. Speier, J. Many came back addicted to heroin and other drugs, many were unemployed, and many became homeless. Veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan War have a higher suicide rate than that of the general public. When we think of the impact of war, the consequences for civilians and veterans as just discussed come most readily to mind. When sexual assaults and sexual harassment are added to the crimes mentioned to respondents, between 22 percent and 84 percent of women report being raped, sexually assaulted, and/or sexually harassed while serving. Because napalm is very sticky, it is almost impossible to wipe off or remove with water once it does end up on skin. Collier, E. C. (1993). A poem about napalm, reportedly written by members of the US First Air Cavalry, surfaced during the war. Although the truce later dissolved and labor-management conflict resumed, labor eventually won some limited rights thanks partly to its support for the war.
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