), I generally prefer to keep melee lords dismounted. He continues to inform his commander of the enemy situation and the platoon's actions. The rear vehicles provide overwatch and command and control (Figure 3-4). Description. The DAPS enables dismounted Army forces to shoot, move, and communicate in GPS challenged environments. For information on reprint and reuse permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. Once the reconnaissance section or team is set in cover and concealment and has submitted its initial reports, it must develop the situation. Leaders must plan to adapt their choice of formation to the specific situation. If possible, the section leader should provide his section with the following information: e. Execution of the movement techniques is described below. For example, the platoons could move in wedge formations within a company team vee. Open Areas. (b) If detected by the enemy, the section or team uses a combination of mounted and dismounted reconnaissance. Executing the four steps allows the platoon to accomplish its mission in accordance with reconnaissance fundamentals: (1) Deploy and Report. The platoon leader quickly moves forward, confirms the danger area, and determines what technique the platoon will use to cross. The trail element remains close enough to provide immediate suppressive fire and to maneuver for support. (b) Herringbone. In all types of operations, contact occurs when an individual soldier, team, or section of the reconnaissance platoon encounters any situation that requires an active or passive response to the enemy. startxref "Units are going places where they can't take a vehicle with the current mounted JBC-P," Igwulu said. When the enemy situation seems unclear or when contact might occur, leaders often use the wedge formation shown in Figure 3-2. In such a case, the reconnaissance platoon leader can evaluate the situation, choose a COA consistent with his higher commander's intent or concept, and execute it without further guidance. (4) Echelon Formation. With bounding overwatch, one element is always stopped to provide overwatching fire. Delays may result when groups must avoid enemy contact. Conversely, these areas often expose the platoon to possible enemy observation and fire for long periods of movement. It allows the platoon to cover the most ground systematically with maximum reconnaissance forward (Figure 3-3). The term "squad formation" refers to the relative locations of the fire teams. The coil provides all-round security and observation when the platoon is stationary. When operating out of normal communications range, an infiltrating element that must transmit required information should move to high ground or set up a long-range expedient antenna. Based on the available information and his commander's intent and guidance, the platoon leader decides to leave one section in contact to support a hasty attack by a supporting MGS platoon. (3) Combination of Methods. They increase the number of maneuver options available to a. "They want a mobile solution for Airborne operations, long-range reconnaissance patrol or going through mountainous or jungle terrain.". Once far-side security is established, a dismounted element moves to the destroyed vehicle and conducts a thorough search for prisoners, items of intelligence value, and any other information that can be gained from a close examination of the enemy. On this day in 1938, the Scinde Horse dismounted from horses and mounted those magnificent machines- The Tanks. Once they determine that the enemy in contact cannot influence them, they continue their mission with the platoon leader's approval. (1) If using only the FBCB2 software, the commander must use only the necessary graphic control measures and icons for the mission to ensure clarity. Traveling overwatch, squads dismounted. The Precision Fires-Dismounted system has undergone the most significant changes. The platoon can also use indirect fires to degrade the enemy's acquisition and observation capabilities by forcing him to seek cover. The software should not limit the platoon leader's planning and use of control measures and operational graphics. As information becomes available, the element in contact sends a contact report, followed by a digital or analog size, activity, location, and time (SALT) report . The platoon leader assigns lanes to the sections and teams. They base decisions about routes and movement techniques on the mission, terrain and weather, likelihood of enemy contact, speed of movement, and depth to which the platoon's elements must penetrate. However, navigation, consolidation, and command and control are more difficult. "These Soldiers were very professional and ready to go out on a combined mission, definitely ready to do it by themselves," stated U.S. Army squad leader, Staff Sgt. It assures PNT through integrity checks of and access to multiple integrated, modular, layered Size, Weight, and Power (SWaP)-constrained PNT sources. Once they finish, the platoon resumes movement using its chosen movement technique. Purposes of infiltration include the following: c. Planning. Figure 3-7. When planning the route, the platoon leader marks the danger areas on his digital concept sketch and overlay. Leaders must stay ready to adjust the distance of individual vehicles based on terrain, visibility, and mission requirements. By knowing these details ahead of time, the platoon leader can develop the situation more rapidly and arrive at and execute the desired COA. It uses traveling overwatch when it needs to save time. The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. During infiltration using multiple lanes, the detection of one platoon's elements may alert the enemy and compromise other units in the infiltration zone. Dismounted: Unless they have a large monster-type mount (carnousaur, stegadon, griffon, rat-ogre, dragon, etc. Route Planning. Regardless of the likelihood of enemy contact, the platoon should always use bounding overwatch if time is available and when there is a possibility of enemy contact. The decision to fight mounted or dismounted is made by the platoon leader based on the factors of METT-TC. The squad column is the squad's main formation. Formations and Movement Techniques. Each movement technique and formation has unique advantages and disadvantages. These platoon members should report the enemy contact to the overwatching vehicles and to the platoon leader. 0000008165 00000 n The six mounted reconnaissance platoon formations are line, wedge, column, staggered column, coil, and herringbone. The element in contact next concentrates on defining what enemy it faces. The platoon leader attempts to hand off responsibility for the enemy element. Groups on different routes may move using different methods of insertion or extraction (for example, one group moves by RVs, another group moves by helicopter, and another moves dismounted). Ground reconnaissance assets use infiltration most often although aerial platforms may also employ tactics based on infiltration techniques. He bounds elements using successive or alternate bounds (Figures 3-15). The reconnaissance platoon may select this COA when it does not have the resources to leave an element in contact and continue to accomplish its priority reconnaissance tasks. DISMOUNTED MOVEMENT FORMATIONS Infantry squads normally move mounted until the situation requires them to dismount. In general, infiltrating elements should use digital communications as the primary means of communications. 313 0 obj <> endobj The platoon may also break contact and bypass when it has made contact with an enemy force that cannot adversely affect the mission of the platoon's higher headquarters. Chapter 4 of this manual discusses dismounted movement techniques in detail. 3-2. In most cases, the reconnaissance platoon can not or should not mass its combat power to defeat an enemy force. The patrol discovered that all Ops were well-manned with disciplined ANA soldiers throughout. To do this, they use information from the battalion S2, sensor reports on the FBCB2, and information collected by dismounted patrols. (2) Contact with an Unknown or Superior Force. The trail element stays close enough to provide immediate suppressive fire and to maneuver for support. Figure 3-17. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. Once the vehicles are inside the wood line (approximately 100 to 200 meters), the platoon shuts off vehicle engines, maintains dismounted security, and conducts a listening/security halt. 0000012734 00000 n Column The column formation is used for road marches, for movement during limited visibility, and. The squad begins bounding overwatch when within effective small-arms range (about 250 meters). Figure 3-19. (5) The platoon leader ensures accountability and resumes movement at normal speed. (2) Terrain Factors. (1) Single-Lane Infiltration. The team leader signals his squad leader that the far side is clear. The platoon should then practice this SOP as a drill so that correct execution of the coil becomes automatic. a. Footage of 1-9 CAV, 2nd Armored Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division highlighting Bradley dismounted operations at Rodriguez Range. The trailing rifle squad in a formation may use the traveling technique (Figure 3-16). Fire team members dismount and establish security. a. Base-of-Fire Element. The routes should facilitate mission accomplishment within the limitations of boundaries and allow freedom of maneuver. Some are secure yet slow while others are faster but less secure. The command and control equipment available to the SBCT infantry battalion reconnaissance platoon significantly enhances the platoon's ability to conduct effective tactical movement, both day and night. Within a section, an individual vehicle or squad would do so. Infantry squads normally move mounted until the situation requires them to dismount. Each infiltrating element must develop and rehearse a plan that clearly defines its actions in case of contact with enemy security forces. 0000063417 00000 n For example, the reconnaissance platoon leader must anticipate contingency measures in case his elements must conduct an unplanned exfiltration during a reconnaissance operation. (2) Once the bounding element reaches its overwatch position, it signals "READY" by voice or visual means to the element that overwatched its bound. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2013. https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR184.html. a. During actions on contact, he adjusts maneuver plans as needed. The amount of intelligence information available to the reconnaissance platoon leader during the planning process determines the risk involved in conducting the infiltration. The squad can conduct independent fire and maneuver immediately upon dismount. RAND reports present research findings and objective analysis that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. Effectively employed, movement techniques allow the platoon to find and observe threats without being compromised. 83 0 obj <>stream Methods of bounding overwatch. (b) Evaluate and Develop the Situation. Making maneuver decisions normally falls to the leader on a specific part of the battlefieldthe one who knows what enemy elements can engage the maneuvering element and what friendly forces can provide the base of fire. When the squad or platoon arrives at the rally point on the far side, the leader aligns himself with the azimuth to the objective area, then continues the mission. (5) Before leaving a wooded area, the platoon must clear the open area to the front. It overwatches while the new trail element (formerly the overwatch element) bounds forward to the next overwatch position. "Set" means that the element has arrived at its destination and has occupied a position from which it can observe to its front. 0000003156 00000 n Physical contact (direct fire) with an enemy force or civilians. The platoon leader issues appropriate orders directing his subordinates to prepare to support the hasty attack. xref Technology can assist in navigational planning and execution, but soldiers, and especially leaders, should be trained and able to navigate and send accurate reports, day or night, using all methods of navigation. Compared to mounted operations, dismounted movement techniques and formations require as muchor moredetail during the planning phase. %PDF-1.7 % The squad moves alone or as part of the platoon's dismounted element.. It stops inside the wood line, ensuring it is still within the shadow line of the woods. Once the rifle squads have dismounted, the vehicles serve as a base . Crossing Large Open Areas (Dismounted). hVms81Nn-Nf Kr^}"jlj4NI_nvZ>+!|0!4>`19 pq&$=).\d\x> Maneuver happens once a unit has made contact with the enemy. Based on task organization, the reconnaissance platoon leader must carefully assess METT-TC factors before deciding upon this COA. Subscribe to the weekly Policy Currents newsletter to receive updates on the issues that matter most. The elements conduct mounted movement to designated dismount points where they organize dismounted patrols to develop the situation from a new direction. 0000007423 00000 n Whenever possible, the reconnaissance platoon should reconnoiter urban areas from a distance, execute hand-off to follow-on elements, and bypass if possible. 0000103175 00000 n (3) During movement through a wooded area, the platoon should move using traveling overwatch. The platoon establishes a hasty defense if it cannot bypass the enemy, all the sections or teams are fixed or suppressed, and the platoon no longer has the ability to maneuver. (d) Execute the COA. Simultaneously, the section or team maintains at least one hasty OP in contact with the enemy. The platoon leader makes sure the bounding element stays within two-thirds of the weapons range of the overwatch element. Once deployed, the OP maintains surveillance of the avenue of approach until the rest of the reconnaissance element returns.
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