False. Of the following, which is the best next step for the researchers to best determine the long-term effectiveness of these insecticides with regards to the development of resistance? Based on the phylogenetic relationships shown in Figure 1, which of the following best explains the similarities exhibited by whales, bony fishes, and cartilaginous fishes? Hunting in the nineteenth century has been blamed for a drastic reduction in the northern elephant seal population. A scientist wishes to provide experimental evidence to support the model shown in Figure 1 by demonstrating the ability to synthesize an RNA molecule. During the last few decades, tall buildings have been built around the woodlot, and species 3, 4, and 5 are shadeintolerant plants. C. Set up a new experiment in which these insects are sprayed with two different insecticides to see if they are more effective than Insecticides #1 and #2. The plant species will flower earlier in the spring in response to rising temperatures before the arrival of the pollinators, so seeds will not be produced. B. HardyWeinberg equilibrium, which of the following is the expected frequency of individuals with the genotype MN? Which of the following statements includes a reasonable refinement that researchers could use in repeating the experiment? If a fire caused the surface of the ground in the habitat of the species to become darker in color, which of the following claims about the impact on the allele frequencies in this population is most reasonable? Some scientists propose that due to human activity and climate change, a sixth mass extinction has already begun. D. The frequency of both alleles will increase because the population will enter a period of rapid growth. Based on the data in Table 1, which of the following best describes the relationship between the MC1R gene and coat color in the Carrizozo, New Mexico, rock pocket mouse population? A scientist is studying the impact of mutagens on genetic variation in mice. Which of these would be an appropriate null hypothesis to test related to whether meteorites hit the Earth 3.6 billion years ago? A scientist maintains a large population of the fruit fly Drosophila affinis in the laboratory. If geologic events lead to a series of new mountain ranges that divide the plateau into several discrete valleys, which of the following best describes how the L. clathratus population would be affected? Which of the following principles best justifies a claim that cheetahs, compared to other large cats, have a relatively low resilience to environmental perturbations? The M4 and M5 populations have the lowest genetic diversity of all populations. Natural selection acted on variation that was present in both populations A and B, and the lack of gene flow eventually led to the formation of two new species. A population of the species has the following allele frequencies: B=0.85 and b=0.15. Over time, populations A and B developed into two distinct species. The model is shown in Figure 1. Natural selection acted on variation that was present in both populations A and B, and the lack of gene flow eventually led to the formation of two new species. There are two species of elephant seals: northern elephant seals, Mirounga angustirostris, found off the western coast of North America from Baja California to the Gulf of Alaska, and southern elephant seals, M. leonina, found in the southern oceans. The genotypes BB and Bb result in dark-colored fur, the genotype bb results in light-colored fur. 19 Attempt 2: Communities & Ecosys, Teaching and Learning Across the Lifepsan. Add an additional treatment group to the experiment to measure the effectiveness of another insecticide (Insecticide #3) over several generations. A. Which of the following sets of data provides evidence that best supports common ancestry for organisms in all three domains? A. The darker backgrounds conferred a selective advantage to the black variety, as described by natural selection. Geographic isolation will create separate gene pools, leading to speciation over time. Populations with little genetic diversity are less likely to contain individuals that can withstand different selective pressures. The original habitat contained mutagens, leading to the rise of new species as a result of accumulated mutations. D. Mice utilized the 5-TTAGGG-35-TTAGGG-3 telomeric repeat sequence first, but the sequence independently evolved in humans as well. Scientists want to determine the age of | Course Hero. Table 1 shows the collected data. Which of the following would be an appropriate alternative hypothesis? D. Most of the species found in the second static period will resemble each other more than the species found in the first static period. These alleles code for glycoproteins that act as antigens on the red blood cells. The allele for the peppered trait, being recessive, decreased in frequency. Some lizards will migrate to new habitats in the mountains and become isolated, leading to allopatric speciation. The frequencies of the different phenotypes in the moth population changed randomly due to genetic drift. Human activities can drive changes in ecosystems that affect the risk of extinction. WebIt is Monday morning, May 13, and you will be taking the AP Biology Exam. Both groups of mice will show an increase in the ability to digest the new food, because they experienced the same selective pressures. This hypothesis states that the first genetic material was RNA, not DNA, and a transitional period led to the emergence of DNA as the storage molecule for genetic material. WebView AP Biology Unit 7 Evolution; MCQ Questions 1.pdf from BIOLOGY 101 at Oakland High School, Oakland. Observed modern extinction rates will resemble the rates found early in previous extinctions. The researchers determined that the East lava flow population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. L_2=5 \mathrm{~m}, \quad \bar{\delta}=1 \mathrm{~mm} Some lizards will migrate to new habitats in the mountains and become isolated, leading to allopatric speciation. A. Many of these species rely on pollinators that migrate based on changes in day length and the position of the Sun. Which of the following is an alternative hypothesis that can be tested to support the RNA World Hypothesis? C. Cells with ribosomes were better able to produce proteins needed for a variety of metabolic functions. There is no difference in iridium levels in sediments that were deposited on Earth 3.6 billion years old, compared to recent sediments. In a certain small mammal, fur color is controlled by a pair of alleles, with B being dominant over b. b) helping blood vessels to absorb nutrients. C. Specimen 3 The same species will be found in both static periods, but they will have different shell shapes. To prevent the loss of genes as chromosome ends wear down during DNA replication, the tips of eukaryotic chromosomes have specialized DNA "caps" called telomeres. C. The original habitat contained many predators, and the species diversified in order to avoid extinction. (b) Explain why some roofs are "blown outward" during high winds. white circle, grey circle, black circle, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, Dental Radiography 5th Ed Ch 14 - Legal Issue. Geologic events such as mountain building can directly affect biodiversity. The SinoHimalayan fern, Lepisorus clathratus is widely distributed on the QinghaiTibetan plateau. In addition to the ABO blood groups, humans have an MN blood type system in which the M and N alleles are codominant to one another. Which of the following best describes what occurred during the periods indicated by the arrows? After the 20 generations, DNA sequencing was used to determine the genetic composition of each population. B. Cells with nuclear membranes were better able to protect their genetic material against damage. D. During the last few decades, tall buildings have been built around the woodlot, and species 3, 4, and 5 are shadeintolerant plants. A. If the thermometer is placed in a bath, the temperature of which is changing linearly at a rate of 10/min, how much error does the thermometer show? natural Which of the following conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was most likely not met in the northern elephant seal population following overhunting? Most of the species found in the first static period will be absent in the second static period. A. A group of birds is found in an island chain that have all descended from a single ancestral species. After rearing five additional generations of the mice on this new food, the two groups are assessed for how efficiently this new food is digested. A shift to less polluting fuel in the twentieth led to cleaner air and a lightening of the moth's normal habitat. The woodlot environment is arid and species 1 and 2 are well-adapted to conserve water. The presence of MC1Rd alleles in the East lava flow population is an indication of gene flow from mice populations living on light granite rocks. Scientists are concerned that the lowlands will become much warmer by the end of the twenty-first century and will become unsuitable for this lowland lizard species. After rearing five additional generations of the mice on this new food, the two groups are assessed for how efficiently this new food is digested. Given aerobic conditions and large amounts of lightning, amino acids will spontaneously form crude proteins. Hunting in the nineteenth century has been blamed for a drastic reduction in the northern elephant seal population. The frequency of the BB allele will increase because light-colored individuals will be more visible to predators. Based on the phylogenetic relationships shown in Figure 1, which of the following best explains the similarities exhibited by whales, bony fishes, and cartilaginous fishes? Which of the specimens indicated in the table is the oldest? Which of the following best predicts why the recombinant bacteria will fail to produce the eukaryotic protein? The current global warming trend is placing new selective pressures on the species involved in these relationships. The results of breeding programs can be seen in the change in winning times of the Kentucky Derby from 1880 to the present, as shown in Figure 1. Scientists studying the fossils observed patterns of changing shell shape in the mollusks. Specimen 1 Specimen 2 Specimen 3 Specimen 4, . Which of the following statements includes a reasonable refinement that researchers could use in repeating the experiment? B. A. The SinoHimalayan fern, Lepisorus clathratus is widely distributed on the QinghaiTibetan plateau. A recent survey of ten Midwest counties are shown in Figure 1. A scientist believes that the first organic molecules may have come to Earth on meteorites 3.6 billion years ago. Even though the population has rebounded following restrictions on seal hunting, genetic variation is greatly reduced in the northern species compared to that in the southern species. Thoroughbred race horses are subject to intense artificial selection to produce faster-running horses. One group is given food with an added substance that is known to be a mutagen. The frequency of the BB allele will increase because light-colored individuals will be more visible to predators. Convergent evolution, because these organisms do not share a recent common ancestor. Some scientists propose that due to human activity and climate change, a sixth mass extinction has already begun. College Board AP Classroom Unit 7 Progress Check: MCQ Part C Qichen (1 of 18 ) Question 1 Two community service Natural selection acted on variation that was present in both populations A and B, and the lack of gene flow eventually led to the formation of two new species. A. C. Controlled fires in counties 6 and 8 will have no effect on the sparrow populations. Which of the following would be an appropriate alternative hypothesis? Which of the following best predicts the impact on the lizard species if there is a gradual increase in the average temperatures found in both the lowlands and mountains in this region? A. A. The researchers determined that the East lava flow population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. A. After the 20 generations, DNA sequencing was used to determine the genetic composition of each population. Which of the following would be an appropriate alternative hypothesis? In an experiment, the scientist creates two groups of twenty highly inbred mice. A small segment of the original population is exposed to different environmental conditions, and a new subspecies emerges through natural selection. A. The logging industry created vast meadow habitats for the sparrow in the late 1800s. Models of a prokaryote, first eukaryotic common ancestor, and last eukaryotic common ancestor. Which of the following statements best predicts the result of a comparison between the fossils found before and after the period of rapid change? B. Students created a model showing one possible mechanism for speciation in which a geographic barrier separated one large population into two smaller populations, A and B. True Based on the data in Figure 1, which of the following would most affect the allelic frequencies of the populations on Isabela and Butuan? Select the best alternate hypothesis to support this claim. One facet of the study of the origin of life focuses on the nature of the first genetic material. The remaining members of the population are allowed to randomly mate with one another to produce generation 2 and future generations. D. Spray these insecticides on a different species of insect (whose genotypes are also known) to determine its effectiveness on insects that are not pests. Owls (primary predators of rock pocket mice) are nocturnal visual predators that are able to distinguish effectively between dark and light colors in low-light conditions. B. Of the following, which is the best next step for the researchers to best determine the long-term effectiveness of these insecticides with regards to the development of resistance? The animals in population A were reproductively isolated from those in populations B, C, and D. Mollusk fossils were excavated and collected from a coastal cliff. The heterotroph hypothesis of the origin of life states that basic organic building blocks formed from inorganic molecules under the primitive conditions present early in Earth's development. C. The woodlot is shaded, with little direct sunlight, and species 3, 4, and 5 are shade-intolerant canopy trees. C. Populations with little genetic diversity are less likely to contain individuals that can withstand different selective pressures. B. C. The frequency of the bb allele will increase because there will be more heterozygous individuals. C. Gene flow between populations A and B maintained sufficient variation in both gene pools to facilitate the development of two distinct species. A dark coat color provides camouflage to mice on the lava flow rocks; therefore, mice with dark coats have a lower predation rate in that habitat. D. Bacteria and eukaryotes use different mRNA codons for the same amino acids during translation. C. Humans and mice share a recent common ancestor that had the 5-TTAGGG-35-TTAGGG-3 repeat sequence in its telomeres. Which of the following best explains the phenotypic pattern in the moths over time? Based on the data in table 1, which of the following best provides evidence to support this claim? Hunting in the nineteenth century has been blamed for a drastic reduction in the northern elephant seal population. B. C. Start each population with bacterial cells that have different genotypes to make sure there is enough genetic variation for selection to occur. Iridium is an element that is rare on Earth but commonly found in meteorites. Observed modern extinction rates will resemble the rates found early in previous extinctions. Prepare flowcharting segments for each of the following operations: d. Using a terminal to enter paper-based source document data and send it to a remote location where a corporate computer updates the company database. A shift to less polluting fuel in the twentieth led to cleaner air and a lightening of the moth's normal habitat. The frequency of the MC1RD allele will decline due to natural selection. Which of the following best explains the mechanism that caused this speciation event in the giant kangaroo rats of population A? Because the mice are highly inbred, they are essentially identical to one another. At that time, the moths, normally white with black speckles, known as the peppered variety, became less common than the solid black variety. Start each population with genetically identical bacterial cells from a single culture to make sure that the initial genetic variation in all of the populations was exactly the same. Dark color is selected for in mice from the West, Mid, and East populations. Which of the following is an alternative hypothesis that can be tested to support the RNA World Hypothesis? C. Humans and mice share a recent common ancestor that had the 5-TTAGGG-35-TTAGGG-3 repeat sequence in its telomeres. Select the correct answer for the following questions: Which of the following would be an appropriate alternative hypothesis? A group of researchers claim that chance events play an important role in the evolution of populations. Double strands of DNA placed in a harsh environment will unwind and form RNA molecules for long term information storage. Dark color is selected for in mice from the West, Mid, and East populations. The researchers wish to increase the reliability of their experimental observations before investigating new claims that chemotherapy-resistant tumors are an example of continuing evolution. Students used an online database, which used the structure of catalase from different species, to generate the phylogenetic tree shown in Figure 1. If the environment for the plant species becomes too warm, the pollinators will no longer migrate to that area in the spring, continuing on to a more northern environment instead. D. Controlled fires in counties 4 and 5 will lead to an increase in the sparrow population. When a population is reduced, new niches become available in the environment, which can trigger adaptive radiation. An experiment is designed to help prevent the further decline and extinction of the Henslow's sparrow in which controlled burns will be set in the each of the ten Midwest counties in order to prevent the regrowth of the forest. The plant species will flower earlier in the spring in response to rising temperatures before the arrival of the pollinators, so seeds will not be produced. A researcher uses the protocol shown in Figure 1 to isolate a eukaryotic gene for the purpose of genetically engineering bacteria to synthesize the corresponding protein. Which of the following best describes the processes occurring between the mouse populations and their environments? There will not be any new individuals with the aa genotype. Which of the following best explains the impact of these new selective pressures on the organisms involved? Current temperature changes will correlate with temperature changes during previous extinctions. relationship between the MC1R gene and coat color in the Carrizozo, New Mexico, rock pocket mouse population? \end{gathered} These building blocks combined to form polymers, such as crude proteins. B. C. A pool of amino acids can spontaneously form into singlestranded RNA, which would then code for proteins. Which of the following represents an alternate hypothesis tested by this experiment with regard to the population sizes of Henslow's sparrows?
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